Landkreuzer P1000 Ratte & P1500 Monster

The Germans had been studying enemy armor since the start of the World War Two and they were always collating new ideas and designs and more often then not, incorporating them into their own tank designs. The Panther Tank  was a direct derivative of the Russian T-34 for example, but the Landkreuzer P1000 and P1500 was different, it was not based on anything previously built.

On the 23rd June 1942 the German ministry for armaments who were at that time involved in the development of U-Boats suggested to Adolf Hitler that it could be feasible to construct a tank with a weight of 1000 tons or even 1500 tons.

Hitler who was always encouraging his developers to come up with new designs for all variety of new weaponry, liked the idea and ordered Krupp the giant steel factory to go ahead with the project.  The first Tank was to be called the P1000 Ratte (Rat) Landkreuzer (land cruiser)

Dimensions

The P1000 was to be 35 meters long, 14 meters wide and 11 meters high, the size of a decent sized office block ! The tracks that the tank would ride on were to be 3.6 meters wide each side and each plate would be assembled from three 1.2 meter segments. The tracks would need to be this wide so the P1000 would not just sink into the ground under its own weight.

PowerPlant

The P1000 was due to be manned by a crew of 20 and powered with two MAN V12Z32/44 24 cylinder 8500Hp U-Boat engines delivering a combined power output of 17,000 hp.

Another consideration was the idea of eight Daimler-Benz MB501 20 cylinder 2000 hp Motor Torpedo Boat (E-boat) engines, delivering a combined power output of 16,000 hp. 

 The mathematical calculations showed that with 16 to 17,000 horsepower at its disposal, the P1000 would be able to travel at 40 to 45 Kmh which would be quite fast for such a ginormouse tank.

Below a diagram depicts a big single gunned design to scale with other normal sized vehicles.

As the Daimler-Benz MB501 was a more reliable and cost effective engine, it would probably have been the engine of choice to be installed in the tank.  Four engines would have run the left-hand side tracks whilst the other four would have run the right-hand side.

Armaments

The P1000 was destined to be armed with all manner of guns including  two huge 280mm SK-C/34 naval guns modified off a Heavy Cruiser ship, and a single 128mm gun along with 100 rounds carried for each gun.  Eight 20 mm Flak38 anti-aircraft guns and  two heavy caliber 15mm Mauser 151/15 cannon.  The idea was that the P1000 was to be a mobile gun battery, a fortress on tracks !

Support legs might have been considered to stabilize the tank when the huge gun fired as the recoil would have been tremendous.

Whilst the P1000 was being worked out on the drawing board, Krupp came up with an even bigger idea, and that was to develop a 1500 ton monster tank...the P1500. It would have an armor mantle of at least 250mm thick going up to 360mm with 220mm side armor and 150mm top armor plating.

It was designed to be armed with a super heavy duty 800mm Mortar gun similar to that used on the railway gun 'Dora'.  Also two 150mm artillery cannon and an array of machine guns and anti-aircraft guns would be included into it.

The P1500 was destined to be powered by four U-Boat engines, possibly the MAN V12Z32/44 24 cylinder 8500hp design that would render a power output of 34,000hp.

Poor Function

The P1000 or indeed even the P1500 was so large that the Germans didn't call it a 'tank' they instead called it a Land Cruiser. At over 1000 tons the tank would not have been able to cross any bridges and would have ploughed up the streets as it trundled by.

It would have had to go through buildings rather than traverse around them, as the majority of streets would have been too narrow, it would have been more like trying to drive a battleship through them.

Below an artists impression of what the P1000 could have looked like driving up a main road in war torn Europe.  It looks like science fiction but it was going to be science fact.

The construction of a tank of such colossal proportions would have ruined the already strained German Industry more than the allied bombs were doing.  The P1000 would have required manufacturing equivalents of a naval shipyard with thousands upon thousands of skilled labourer's, technicians, mechanics and engineers drafted in to construct it.  The maintenance crew, needed to keep the Landcruiser running after completion would have been the size of a small army too.

The transportation of all the materials needed to construct it would have hampered the German war effort by many factors and could even have brought their industry  to a standstill.  We must remember that during the war, Germany was constructing other new tanks along with, planes, U-boats, ships, cannons, small arms etc all the time.

The Final Conclusion

In early 1943, Hitler's Chief Armaments minister, Albert Speer cancelled all the projects surrounding these monster tanks as it would cost way too much in time, resources, money and manpower,  instead he insisted that resources be applied to the already tried and tested conventional tanks currently in production.

A turret for the P1000 had already been made by this time, but ended up as a coastal defence battery near Trondheim in Norway instead.

Speer envisaged that an ultra big tank would just propose a priority target for enemy bombers and fighters and would  end up being a very vulnerable object.

The British Typhoon and the American P51 Mustang fighter aircraft were already quite adept at blowing tanks up on the ground with rockets.  Regardless of how thick you can make the steel that protects a large tank, there can always be enough explosives to destroy it.

Special purpose Landkreuzer  bombs would almost certainly have been developed by the Allies to tackle something like this, especially as knowledge on "shaped" charges was already being understood.

The British 'Tall Boy' and 'Grandslam' 10 tons bombs for example, as dropped by Avro Lancaster's, would have easily destroyed the Landkreuzer.  Pictured below is a small image of the Grandslam bomb !

Adhering to convention then, the German MKII as seen below, was agreeably the best tank that the Germans had in WWII...

...it was a fantastic tank, almost impervious to allied tank rounds, these Tiger's destroyed hundreds of US Army Sherman tanks with little or no losses to themselves, so as the adage goes "if it works why fix it ? " and luckily for the free world, Hitler obviously never heard it !

The Tiger MkIII also known as the Maus was a 188 ton tank and did actually get past the drawing board and made it to field trials. It took up valuable time and resources, so much so that it was never even completed in time and the War came to an end whilst it was still being finalized for production.

Many Maus tanks under early construction were found by the allies as shown in the photo below..

In many ways it was all too costly and totally crazy to try to develop an ultra tank, by late 1943, Hitler was losing the war on all fronts, he had sacrificed 250,000 men at Stalingrad and defeat after defeat besotted him.

Ariel bombardment of German factories, establishments and city's had been stepped up by the Allies but new prototype tanks were still being built with Germanys stretched and limited battle damaged resources. This was total madness, when Hitler should just have concentrated on the manufacture of existing tanks.

The best road to success for Hitler then, would just to have concentrated on building the Tiger MkII and roll them out by the thousand instead of all the weird and wonderful time and resource consuming inventions and innovations.

The Russians for example, only basically made three main different types of tank, the T-34, the KV-1 and KV-2, there were one or two variations and one or two other different types of tank made like the JS-1, but basically the Russians just churned out thousands of T-34's and KV-1's. 

Over 50,000 standard T-34s alone were produced in Russia and it was this mass quantity that beat quality in the end, as all wars are wars of attrition at the end of the day.  Stalin was quoted as saying " Quantity has a quality all of its own "

Below the Russian mass produced KV-1, these relatively cheap but extremely tough tanks were produced by the thousand, whereas Hitler's higher quality tanks were only produced by the hundred.  All wars are wars of attrition and it stands to reason that if you have many thousands of tanks in reserve then you stand a good chance of winning, which of course the Russians did.  They threw in a constant supply of tanks hundreds at a time with thousands waiting in reserve.

The Russians stated " You want war, then we'll give you war "

 
Below the Russian mass produced KV-2.  The Russians cleverly used the same mass  produced KV-1 chassis but mounted a larger turret and main gun on the top of it.  Using the same chassis, saved an abundance of time and resources that would otherwise have been wasted on new developments, designs and the tests that it would need to go through.

 Below the Russian mass produced and highly successful T-34-85 with sloped armor, this was the same as the stock T-34 but mounted with an 85mm caliber main gun instead of the usual 76mm. The particular tank below had sunk in a bog in Latvia in 1944 and was rescued in 1983.

Real Images of the P1000

Of course there are no real photographs of the P1000 as it was just a pre-prototype that didn't even leave the drawing board, but this has not stopped the model making community from knocking up a scale model of the tank and some images of the model are presented below.

The image below shows a scale model P1000 under construction...

The figures placed on the deck of the model are also to scale to represent the size of the tank. It has to be said that if the P1000 had been built, it would have been the most fantastically awesome tank of all time.

With other vehicles at the same scale placed next to the P1000, we can envisage how big this thing was really going to be.

Whether or not the type of camouflage pattern as seen in the image below would have been utilised on the P1000 will never be known.


If the person who made this model contacts me then all due credits will be given.  Currently understood to be Andreas Richter, c/o United-Fun, Invalidenstrasse 9,  Hameln, Deutchland.

Read more about the German Maus tank by clicking the image below:

www.vincelewis.net/maus.html

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